Art History

STUDY GUIDE - Chapter 12: The Beginnings of Art PALEOLITHIC, MESOLITHIC, and NEOLITHIC -paleolithic-40,000-10,000 BC -Mesolithic-10,000-8000 BC -Neolithic-8000-3000 BC palaeolithic imposture -First signs of Man appeared in Africa @ 2 million years ago. Tool drill @1 million. Earliest examples of Western art appeared as glaciers retreated. -Venus of Willendorf-carved limestone, c. 30,000-15,000 BC. Because of the importance of fertility, (infant mortality rate rates were high making it a necessity to appropriate many children for survival) probably a fertility symbol. Done in the round versus in relief. counteract Art (Lascaux) -murals at Lascaux. Normally, Paleolithic man did not portray humans in painting. close are animals. Based on observation. Probably done by blowing pigment through a pipe. Pigment -ground color use with a vehicle or binder on asupport. hollow out art often uses the contours of the cave to define the form of the animal. Leon Battista Alberti , an Italian Renaissance aesthetician, believed that man first created images through association. The surface of the take may have inferred the shape then the artist would animate an image. The works at Lascaux seem to confirm Albertis image by accident theory. Mesolithic period -Marked by a serial of migrations with a movement toward horticulture and fishing.

More interest in farming and to a greater extent permanent communities. Neolithic art Stonehenge -possibly used for astronomical observations or rituals. It is the earliest example of national art in N. Europe. Megaliths -menhirs-(long) individual unhewn or meagrely sculpted -dolmens-(table) two or more verticals wi th a flat -cromlechs-(circle) menhirs in! a circle or semi-circle (words taken from Celtic language) Post and Lintel Construction -two upright columns and one make out cross-piece. Basic construction method from which other methods grew. The Ancient postulate along East in the Neolithic Era (c. 7000-4500/4000 BC) -transition from a huntsman/gatherer society to an...If you want to get a wide-cut essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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