Classification: Prokinetic Drug, Antiemetic Drug
Action: dopamine antagonist that acts by increasing receptor sensitivity and response of upper GIT tissues to acetylcholine. This cause contraction of gastric radiate muscles, relaxation of the pyloric sphincter and duodenal bulb and increase peristalsis without stimulating gastric, biliary and pancreatic secretions. It also produces sedation and induces release of prolactin.
Indication: Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disturbances. Nausea and puking of central and peripheral origin associated with surgery, metabolic diseases, malignant disease, infective diseases and drug induced. Radiological procedures of GIT. Control of post-operative vomiting and to assist in intestinal intubation.
Adverse Reactions: Sedation, restlessness, lassitude, fatigue, diarrhea, insomia, headache, dizziness, nausea, extrapyramidal effects, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, drowsiness, and bowel upsets. Somnolence, nervousness, dystonic reactions. Increased hypophysis prolactin release gynecomastia, galactorrhea and menstrual disorders.
Nursing Considerations
Assessment
* Assess unhurrieds GI complaints: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, abdominal distention before and afterwards administration
* Frequently monitor blood pressure of patients taking IV form of drug
* Monitor for possible drug induced ill reactions:
* CNS: restlessness, anxiety, drowsiness, fatigue, fever, lassitude, insomnia, seizures, suicide ideation, headache, dizziness, dystonic reactions, sedation
* CV: transient hypertension
* GI: nausea, bowel disturbance
* Hematologic: agranulocytosis, neutropenia
* Skin: rash
* Others: prolactin secretions, loss of libido
* Monitor for and at one time report occurrence of extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia especially in fourth-year patients: rigidity, grimacing, shuffling gait, tremors, rhythmic involuntary movements...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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